Devanagari marathi font for windows 10 -

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Upgrade to Microsoft Edge to take advantage of the latest features, security updates, and technical support. Please note : This document reflects the changes made in recommendations for Indic-script OpenType font and shaping-engine implementations. While Indic fonts made according to the earlier recommendations will still function properly in the new versions of Uniscribe, font developers may choose to update their fonts, particularly if they wish to avoid certain limitations of the earlier implementation.

This document presents information that will help font developers create or support OpenType fonts for all Devanagari script languages covered by the Unicode Standard, including classical Sanskrit. This document targets developers implementing Indic shaping behavior compatible with Microsoft OpenType specification for Indic scripts. It contains information about terminology, font features and behavior of the Indic shaping engine in regards to the Devanagari script.

While it does not contain instructions for creating Devanagari fonts, it will help font developers understand how the Indic shaping engine processes Indic text. In addition, registered features of the Devanagari script are defined and illustrated with examples. The new Indic shaping engine allows for variations in typographic conventions, giving a font developer control over shaping by the choice of designation of glyphs to certain OpenType features.

For example, the location where the reph and pre-pended matra are re-ordered within a syllable cluster is affected by the presence of a half form. See illustrations below. And the I-matra will be positioned immediately in front of the base or half-form preceding it, which in this case is the Ma.

The following terms are useful for understanding the layout features and script rules discussed in this document. Above-base form of consonants - A variant form of a consonant that appears above the base glyph. Akhand ligatures - Required consonant ligatures that may appear anywhere in the syllable and may or may not involve the base glyph.

Akhand ligatures have the highest priority and are formed first; some languages include them in their alphabets. Akhand ligatures in Devanagari may be displayed in either half- or full-form. Base glyph - The only consonant or consonant conjunct in the orthographic syllable that is written in its "full" nominal form.

In Devanagari, the last consonant of the syllable except for syllables ending with letter "Ra" usually forms the base glyph.

In "degenerate" syllables that have no vowel last letter of a word , the last consonant in halant form serves as the base consonant and is mapped as the base glyph.

Layout operations are defined in terms of a base glyph, not a base character, since the base can often be a ligature. Below-base form of consonants - A variant form of a consonant that appears below the base glyph. In Devanagari, only the consonant Ra has a below-base form. In the glyph sequence, the below-base form comes after the consonant s that form the base glyph. Below-base forms are represented by a non-spacing mark glyph.

Cluster - A group of characters that form an integral unit in Indic scripts, often times a syllable. Consonant - Each represents a single consonant sound. Consonants may exist in different contextual forms and have an inherent vowel usually, the short vowel "a". For example, "Ka" and "Ta", rather than just "K" or "T. Consonant conjuncts aka 'conjuncts' - Ligatures of two or more consonants.

Consonant conjuncts may have both full and half forms, or only full forms. Devanagari syllable - Effective orthographic "unit" of Devanagari writing systems.

Syllables are composed of consonant letters, independent vowels and dependant vowels. In a text sequence, these characters are stored in phonetic order although they may not be represented in phonetic order when displayed. Once a syllable is shaped, it is indivisible. The cursor cannot be positioned within the syllable.

Transformations discussed in this document do not cross syllable boundaries. A halant follows all but the last consonant in every Devanagari syllable; a halant also follows the last consonant if the syllable has no vowel. NOTE: A syllable containing halant characters may be shaped with no visible halant signs by using different consonant forms or conjuncts instead.

Halant form of consonants - The form produced by adding the halant virama to the nominal shape. The Halant form is used in syllables that have no vowel or as the half form when no distinct shape for the half form exists.

Half form of consonants pre-base form - A variant form of consonants which appear to the left of the base consonant, if they do not participate in a ligature. Consonants in their half form precede the ones forming the base glyph.

Devanagari has distinctly shaped half forms for most consonants. If a consonant does not have a distinct shape for the half form and does not form any ligature, it will be displayed with an explicit Virama same shape as the halant form. Matra Dependent Vowel - Used to represent a vowel sound that is not inherent to the consonant.

Dependent vowels are referred to as "matras" in Sanskrit. They are always depicted in combination with a single consonant, or with a consonant cluster. The greatest variation among different Indian scripts is found in the rules for attaching dependent vowels to base characters. Information in this document relates primarily to the new implementation model. Old behavior may be mentioned in comments about compatibility.

Nukta - A combining character that alters the way a preceding consonant or matra is pronounced. OpenType tag - 4-byte identifier for script, language system or feature in the font.

Post-base form of consonants - A variant form of a consonant that appears to the right of the base glyph. A consonant that takes a post-base form is preceded by the consonant s forming the base glyph plus a halant virama.

Post-base forms are usually spacing glyphs. Pre-base form of consonants - A variant form of a consonant that appears to the left of the base glyph. Note that most pre-base consonant forms are logically as well as visually before the base consonant. Half forms are examples of this kind of pre-base form. In some scripts, though, a pre-base Ra may logically follow the base consonant that is, it follows it phonetically and in the character sequence of the text , even though it is presented visually before the base.

The shaping engine detects such cases dynamically using the 'pref' feature and re-orders the pre-base-form glyph as needed. Rakaar - The below-base form of "Ra" in Devanagari, which forms a ligature with most preceding consonant s.

If the preceding consonant has a half form, then the consonant-rakaar combination, typically also has a half form. Reph - The above-base form of the letter "Ra" that is used in Devanagari when "Ra" is the first consonant in the syllable and is not the base consonant. Shaping Engine - Code responsible for shaping input, classified to a particular script. Split Matra - A matra that is decomposed into pieces for rendering. Usually the different pieces appear in different positions relative to the base.

For instance, part of the matra may be placed at the beginning of the cluster and another part at the end of the cluster. Syllable - A single unit of Indic text processing. Shaping of Indic text is performed independently for each syllable. Process of identifying boundaries of each syllable is described below. Vattu Rakar - A below-base form of a consonant.

Pre-base form 2. The base consonant 3. Above-base form reph 4. Post-base matra 5. The descriptions which follow will help font developers understand the rationale for the Devanagri feature encoding model and help application developers better understand how layout clients can divide responsibilities with operating system functions. The shaping engine divides the text into syllable clusters and identifies character properties. Character properties are used in parsing syllables and identifying its parts, in determining proper character or glyph reordering and in OpenType feature application.

Properties for each character are divided into two types: static properties and dynamic properties. Static properties define basic characteristics that do not change from font to font: character type consonant, matra, vedic sign, etc.

Dynamic properties are font dependent and are retrieved by the shaping engine as the font is loaded. These properties affect shaping and reordering behavior. In the new implementation model, consonant conjoining behavior is a dynamic property. Fonts define dynamic properties for consonants through implementing standard features. Consonant types and corresponding feature tags that the shaping engine reads from the font are:.

This is done for each consonant. If these two glyphs form a ligature, with no additional glyphs in context, this means the consonant has the corresponding form. Note that a font may be implemented to re-order a Ra to pre-base position only in certain syllables and display it as a below-base or post-base form otherwise.

This means that the Pre-base-form classification is not mutually exclusive with either Below-base-form or Post-base-form classifications. However, all classifications are determined as described above using context-free substitutions. Font-dependent character classification only defines consonant types.

Reordering positions, however, are fixed for each character class. The following steps should be repeated while there are characters left in the input sequence. All shaping operations are done on a syllable-by-syllable basis, independent from other characters. The consonant parts include all associated halants and nuktas. All parts are optional, except the main consonant. Also, a font may be implemented to re-order a Ra to pre-base position only in certain syllables and display it as a below-base or post-base form otherwise.

Thus, final determination of whether an occurrence of Ra in a specific syllable can be treated as a pre-base reordering Ra can be made only after the 'pref' feature has been applied to that syllable.